What is turmeric and what is it used for?
Turmeric is a golden spice derived from the plant with the scientific name curcuma longa, which belongs to the ginger family. Known for its intense yellow-orange color and its earthy, slightly bitter taste, curcuma has been used for centuries in traditional medicine and gastronomy in various cultures, especially in India and Southeast Asia.
In cooking, it is mainly used for flavor and as a colorant, while in Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine, it is attributed with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and digestive properties, thanks to one of its main active components, curcumin.
Origin, traditional uses and characteristics of turmeric spice
The curcuma longa plant is a herbaceous perennial growing about 1 meter tall, with long green leaves and pale yellow flowers that has been used in Indian natural medicine for centuries.
The most distinctive feature of this plant is its subway rhizome, which when cut reveals an intense yellow-orange hue due to the presence of curcumin. This rhizome is the part of the plant that is dried and pulverized to obtain the spice.
Benefits and properties of turmeric What is it good for?
Turmeric is known for its numerous properties and health benefits, mainly due to curcumin, its active component with more studies behind it. Below we analyze them all in detail.
Chemical composition and effects on the organism
Curcumin is the substance responsible for its distinctive yellow-orange color and for much of its therapeutic effects. Curcumin is a potent antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals and stimulates the activity of the body's antioxidant enzymes, which protects cells from oxidative damage and reduces the risk of chronic diseases.
In addition, another property of turmeric is as an anti-inflammatory, since it inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory molecules and enzymes involved in inflammatory processes, such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and lipooxygenase (LOX).
Apart from curcumin, curcuma contains other curcuminoids, which also possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and essential oils, which contribute to its characteristic aroma and flavor.
Together, these components may have synergistic effects that enhance the benefits of curcuma.
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of curcuma.
Curcuma, particularly its active substance, curcumin, is widely recognized for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
These effects are especially beneficial in relieving muscle and joint pain, as inflammation and oxidative stress are closely related to the deterioration of muscle and joint tissue.
On the other hand, as an antioxidant, the ingredient curcumin helps protect cells from radical damage and reduce oxidative stress, which may contribute to the prevention of muscle and joint injuries, as well as recovery after exercise.
Relieves symptoms of osteoarthritis and arthritis
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease in which the articular cartilage wears down, causing pain, inflammation and stiffness in the joints.
Arthritis is a condition that causes inflammation in the joints, leading to similar symptoms, although its origin may be immunological, as in the case of rheumatoid arthritis. Curcuma has been shown in many studies to be an effective ally in relieving the symptoms associated with both diseases.
Antioxidant properties. Reduction of oxidative stress levels and prevention of cell damage in the body.
According to studies, one of the most outstanding properties of turmeric is its antioxidant capacity, which helps reduce oxidative stress levels in the body.
Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause cell damage and contribute to premature aging and the development of chronic diseases. Curcumin is a potent antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage.
In addition, curcumin is an ingredient that also has the ability to stimulate the body's natural antioxidant enzymes, which further enhances its ability to fight oxidative damage and maintain a healthy balance in the body. By reducing oxidative stress, turmeric can contribute to the prevention of a number of diseases, as we will see below.
Cancer prevention
Turmeric has been shown to have anti-cancer properties due to its ability to inhibit cell proliferation and blood vessel formation in tumors, which can limit their growth and spread.
In addition, curcumin can induce programmed cell death (apoptosis) in cancer cells, which helps to eliminate these harmful cells from the body.
The potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of this ingredient also plays a crucial role in cancer prevention, as oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are implicated in tumor formation and progression. By reducing these factors, turmeric may contribute to cancer prevention in various organs and tissues.
Improving digestion and liver function with curcumin
Curcumin helps reduce bloating, flatulence and abdominal cramps. In addition, it stimulates the production of bile, a fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, which is essential for the proper digestion of fats in the gastrointestinal tract. By enhancing the production and release of bile, turmeric can facilitate digestion and relieve symptoms of indigestion.
In addition, curcumin may protect and improve liver function by neutralizing radicals and reducing inflammation, two factors that can contribute to liver damage and impaired liver function. Turmeric may also promote liver detoxification, helping to eliminate harmful substances and maintain the overall health of the organ.
Helps regulate metabolism and may support weight loss
Curcumin may influence the regulation of metabolism by acting on various metabolic and hormonal pathways, including insulin sensitivity and inflammation. By improving insulin sensitivity, turmeric may help prevent excessive fat storage and control blood sugar levels, resulting in better energy balance and improved stomach health.
In addition, it reduces chronic inflammation, a factor associated with obesity and weight gain. By decreasing inflammation, turmeric may promote a healthy metabolic environment that supports weight loss.
How can turmeric be consumed to take advantage of its benefits? How to take it? In what presentations can I take turmeric?
There are several ways to consume turmeric and take advantage of its multiple health benefits. Turmeric can be found in different presentations and forms of consumption, which makes it easy and practical to incorporate it into the daily diet.
Powder: Turmeric powder is one of the most popular forms of consumption. You can add a pinch of turmeric root powder to soups, stews, rice, smoothies, curries, juices or even tea. You can also use it as a colorant and to season meats, fish and vegetables.
Capsules: Turmeric supplements in capsules are a convenient option for those who wish to obtain the benefits without having to incorporate the spice into meals. It is important to follow dosage recommendations and look for products with high bioavailability, such as those containing piperine (a compound found in black pepper) to enhance curcumin absorption.
Tinctures and liquid extracts: These presentations allow easy administration and rapid absorption in the body. You can add a few drops of turmeric tincture or liquid extract to beverages such as water, tea or a smoothie.
Turmeric paste: Turmeric paste, also known as "golden paste," is a mixture of turmeric powder, black pepper, coconut oil or other healthy fat and hot water. This paste can be added to smoothies, soups, stews or even consumed directly.
Turmeric tea: Turmeric tea is a hot beverage prepared by infusing turmeric powder or fresh turmeric root in hot water. You can sweeten the tea with honey or add vegetable milk for a comforting drink.
Possible interactions of turmeric with medications
Anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents: Turmeric has anticoagulant properties that may enhance the effect of drugs such as warfarin, aspirin and clopidogrel, increasing the risk of bleeding and bruising.
Diabetes medications: Turmeric may lower blood sugar levels, which could lead to episodes of hypoglycemia in people taking hypoglycemic medications such as metformin or insulin.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Turmeric may potentiate the effect of drugs such as ibuprofen and naproxen, increasing the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
Medications that reduce stomach acid: Turmeric may interfere with the action of drugs such as ranitidine, omeprazole and famotidine, which could decrease their effectiveness and worsen symptoms of reflux or peptic ulcers.
How to prepare turmeric to optimize its absorption
The absorption of curcumin, the main active compound in turmeric, can be limited in the human body due to its low water solubility and rapid elimination. However, there are ways to prepare and consume turmeric to optimize its absorption and maximize its health benefits.
Combine with black pepper: Piperine, a compound present in black pepper, can significantly increase the absorption of curcumin. Adding a pinch of black pepper to your turmeric dishes can boost its effects.
Include healthy fats: Curcumin is fat-soluble, so combining it with healthy fats, such as olive oil, coconut oil or avocado, helps its absorption and transport in the body.
Heating turmeric: Cooking turmeric over low heat can increase its solubility and, therefore, improve its absorption. For example, adding turmeric to soups, stews or curries is an excellent way to incorporate it into your diet.
Consume in paste form: Preparing a turmeric paste by mixing turmeric powder, ground black pepper and olive oil can optimize its absorption. You can even use curry paste or saffron. This paste can be added to various recipes or even taken directly in small quantities.
By following these tips when preparing and consuming turmeric, you can improve its absorption and make the most of its beneficial health properties.
Conclusions on turmeric and its role in health
Turmeric is a spice with a wide spectrum of uses and health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and analgesic properties. It has also demonstrated its potential in the prevention and treatment of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, it can be incorporated into the diet in various forms, from foods and beverages to supplements and extracts.
However, it is important to keep in mind that, although turmeric is generally safe for consumption, there are some precautions and contraindications to consider, especially for people with certain medical conditions and in combination with certain medications. In addition, it is essential to choose good quality turmeric and prepare it properly to optimize its absorption and maximize its benefits.
In conclusion, turmeric is a spice with multiple health properties that can be a valuable addition to a balanced and varied diet.
